A cura di Alessandra Russo. Specialista in Tossicologia Medica. Messina
Caso clinico (1)
Un uomo di 51 anni si presentò con dolori addominali di grado severo e rash cutaneo a livello delle labbra, del collo e del dorso delle mani.
Nelle 2 settimane precedenti il paziente aveva assunto trimetoprim+sulfametossazolo per 10 giorni per un’infezione del tratto urinario.
Inoltre, negli ultimi 2 mesi era in trattamento con levetiracetam.
Al momento del ricovero, la pressione era 85/52 mm Hg, la temperatura 37,4°C, la frequenza cardiaca 106 battiti/minuto, la frequenza respiratoria 14 atti/minuto.
L’uomo venne trattato con ceftriaxone e metronidazolo.
Venne fatta diagnosi di sindrome di Stevens-Johnson indotta dalla somministrazione concomitante di trimetoprim+sulfametossazolo e levetiracetam.
Il trattamento con levetiracetam venne sospeso immediatamente.
Dopo alcuni giorni il rash cutaneo si risolse completamente.
Il trimetoprim+sulfametossazolo e il levetiracetam sono considerati farmaci sicuri ed efficaci.
Tuttavia, talvolta possono determinare l’insorgenza di reazioni cutanee come la sindrome di Stevens-Johnson e la necrolisi epidermica tossica (2-12).
Bibliografia
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- Abtahi-Naeini B, et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of patients with drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Iran: Different points of children from adults. Int J Pediatr 2022; 2022: 8163588.
- Duong TA, et al. Levetiracetam: A possible new inducer of toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome in 2 cases. JAMA Dermatol 2013; 149: 113–15.
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